Στατιστικές για την εγκληματικότητα στην Ελλάδα.

Στατιστικές για την εγκληματικότητα στην Ελλάδα.

Στον παρακάτω πίνακα παρουσιάζονται στατιστικές για την εγκληματικότητα στην Ελλάδα. Τα δεδομένα περιλαμβάνουν γενικές κατηγορίες εγκλημάτων, καθώς και τις αλλαγές σε ποσοστά τα τελευταία χρόνια. Για πιο ακριβείς και ενημερωμένες πληροφορίες, μπορείς να ανατρέξεις στις ετήσιες εκθέσεις της ΕΛ.ΑΣ. ή της Ελληνικής Στατιστικής Αρχής.

Κατηγορία Εγκλήματος	Περιπτώσεις (2020)	Περιπτώσεις (2021)	Ποσοστιαία Μεταβολή
Κλοπές και Διαρρήξεις	65,000	70,000	+7.7%
Ληστείες	4,200	3,900	-7.1%
Βαριά Εγκλήματα (ανθρωποκτονίες)	80	95	+18.8%
Ναρκωτικά	13,500	14,000	+3.7%
Οικονομική Απάτη	7,800	8,300	+6.4%
Ενδοοικογενειακή Βία	4,500	6,200	+37.8%

Σημειώσεις:

1. Τα δεδομένα είναι ενδεικτικά και μπορεί να διαφέρουν ανάλογα με την πηγή.
2. Οι αυξήσεις ή μειώσεις στις κατηγορίες μπορεί να οφείλονται σε κοινωνικούς και οικονομικούς παράγοντες ή στη βελτίωση των μεθόδων καταγραφής.
3. Η ενδοοικογενειακή βία έχει σημειώσει αξιοσημείωτη αύξηση, πιθανώς λόγω αυξημένης ευαισθητοποίησης και καταγγελιών.

Αυτό είναι το γράφημα που παρουσιάζει τις στατιστικές εγκληματικότητας στην Ελλάδα για το 2020 και το 2021. Οι μπάρες δείχνουν τις περιπτώσεις ανά κατηγορία εγκλήματος, με μπλε χρώμα για το 2020 και πορτοκαλί για το 2021.

Αλλαγές που αφορούν τους Έλληνες ναυτικούς, αξιωματικούς και πληρώματα, την περίοδο 1980 - 2024

Αλλαγές που αφορούν τους Έλληνες ναυτικούς, αξιωματικούς και πληρώματα, την περίοδο 1980 - 2024

Η ελληνική ναυτιλία αποτελεί διαχρονικά έναν από τους σημαντικότερους πυλώνες της ελληνικής οικονομίας και παγκόσμιας ναυτιλιακής βιομηχανίας. Η περίοδος 1980-2024 χαρακτηρίζεται από σημαντικές μεταβολές στον αριθμό και τη σύνθεση των Ελλήνων ναυτικών, τόσο στους αξιωματικούς όσο και στα πληρώματα.

Εξέλιξη του αριθμού Ελλήνων ναυτικών (1980-2024):

• 1980-1990: Κατά τη δεκαετία του 1980, η ελληνική ναυτιλία γνώρισε άνθηση, με σημαντικό αριθμό Ελλήνων ναυτικών να επανδρώνουν τα πλοία. Ωστόσο, συγκεκριμένα στατιστικά στοιχεία για αυτήν την περίοδο είναι περιορισμένα.

• 1990-2000: Η παγκοσμιοποίηση και η αυξημένη ζήτηση για φθηνότερα εργατικά χέρια οδήγησαν σε μείωση του αριθμού των Ελλήνων ναυτικών, καθώς πολλοί πλοιοκτήτες προτίμησαν αλλοδαπά πληρώματα.

• 2000-2010: Η τάση μείωσης συνεχίστηκε, με τους Έλληνες ναυτικούς να μειώνονται περαιτέρω, ιδιαίτερα στα κατώτερα πληρώματα, ενώ οι Έλληνες αξιωματικοί διατήρησαν σε μεγαλύτερο βαθμό τις θέσεις τους.

• 2010-2020: Σύμφωνα με στοιχεία, παρατηρήθηκε διπλασιασμός του αριθμού των Ελλήνων αξιωματικών που αποχώρησαν από τη θάλασσα και εργάζονται σε χερσαίες θέσεις, γεγονός που επηρέασε την επάνδρωση των πλοίων με Έλληνες αξιωματικούς.

  DealNews

• 2020-2024: Η έλλειψη Ελλήνων ναυτικών έγινε πιο αισθητή, με αποτέλεσμα να μην επαρκούν για την επάνδρωση των ελληνικών πλοίων. Συγκεκριμένα, αναφέρθηκε ότι αν εγγράφονταν 100 νέα πλοία στο ελληνικό νηολόγιο, δεν θα υπήρχαν διαθέσιμοι 600 Έλληνες αξιωματικοί για την επάνδρωσή τους, όπως απαιτείται από την οργανική σύνθεση πληρώματος.

  Enak
  

Συμπεράσματα:

Η μείωση του αριθμού των Ελλήνων ναυτικών αποτελεί σημαντική πρόκληση για την ελληνική ναυτιλία. Η προσέλκυση νέων στο ναυτικό επάγγελμα και η αναβάθμιση της ναυτικής εκπαίδευσης κρίνονται απαραίτητες για την αντιστροφή αυτής της τάσης και τη διασφάλιση της συνέχειας της ελληνικής παρουσίας στη διεθνή ναυτιλία.

DRAUGHT TRIM AND STABILITY

ΕΥΣΤΑΘΕΙΑ - ΦΟΡΤΩΣΗ - ΙΔΙΟΤΗΤΕΣ ΥΓΡΩΝ ΚΑΙ ΣΤΕΡΕΩΝ ΣΩΜΑΤΩΝ

ΕΥΣΤΑΘΕΙΑ - ΦΟΡΤΩΣΗ - ΟΡΟΛΟΓΙΑ: Οι βασικές έννοιες

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Ευστάθεια και φόρτωση πλοίου

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Innovative Chinese Books Presentation Vol. 1 - 3

Hello Captains A beautiful day

Superyacht #captain #naftilosgr #luxury

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What is the formula for calculating the metacentric radius

What is the formula for calculating the metacentric radius

The metacentric radius (BM) is the vertical distance between the center of buoyancy and the metacenter of a ship[2][4][5][6]. The metacentric radius can be calculated using the formula BM = I/V, where I is the moment of inertia of the waterplane area of the ship around the axis of rotation under consideration, and V is the volume of the underwater part of the ship[4][5]. The metacentric radius is used to compare the stability of different vessels[2][5]. The metacentric height (GM) is calculated as the distance between the center of gravity (G) of a ship and its metacenter (M)[1][4][6]. The formula for calculating the metacentric height is GM = KM - KG, where KM is the height of the metacenter above the keel and KG is the height of the center of gravity above the keel[4][6]. The metacentric height is an approximation for the vessel stability at a small angle (0-15 degrees) of heel[1][6]. The metacentric height and the metacentric radius are both important parameters for a ship's stability, and they are used together to determine the stability of a ship[6].

Citations:

[1] How do you calculate the metacentric height of a ship with a complex hull shape? - LinkedIn https://www.linkedin.com/advice/1/how-do-you-calculate-metacentric-height-ship

[2] Metacentric Radius - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/metacentric-radius

[3] Lecture 21 -Derivation of Metacentric Radius (BM) - YouTube https://youtube.com/watch?v=37PdV1ySoO4

[4] Naval architecture - Metacentric Stability, Buoyancy, Stability - Britannica https://www.britannica.com/technology/naval-architecture/Metacentric-stability

[5] FORMULAE AND DEFINITIONS https://pms2004.tripod.com/formulae_and_definitions.html

[6] LESSON TOPIC: 4 https://man.fas.org/dod-101/navy/docs/swos/dca/stg4-01.html

By Perplexity at https://www.perplexity.ai/search/837d939e-2b18-4d05-9bea-3baa8bfaff2b?s=m

How is the metacentric radius related to the metacentric height

How is the metacentric radius related to the metacentric height

The metacentric height and the metacentric radius are related but distinct concepts used in naval architecture to describe the stability of a floating body, such as a ship. Here are the ways in which the two are related:

- The metacentric height is calculated as the distance between the center of gravity (G) of a ship and its metacenter (M), while the metacentric radius is the vertical distance between the center of buoyancy and the metacenter of a ship[1][4].

- The metacentric height and the metacentric radius are both important parameters for a ship's stability, but they are calculated differently and have different applications[2].

- The metacentric height is a measure of initial stability, while the metacentric radius is used to compare the stability of different vessels[1][2].

- The metacentric radius can be calculated from the formula BM = I/V, where I is the moment of inertia of the waterplane area of the ship around the axis of rotation under consideration, and V is the volume of the underwater part of the ship[3].

- The metacentric height is an approximation for the vessel stability at a small angle (0-15 degrees) of heel, while the metacentric radius is used to compare the stability of different vessels[1][2].

- The metacentric height and the metacentric radius are both important parameters for a ship's stability, and they are used together to determine the stability of a ship[6].

In summary, the metacentric height and the metacentric radius are related but distinct concepts used in naval architecture to describe the stability of a floating body, such as a ship. The metacentric height is a measure of initial stability, while the metacentric radius is used to compare the stability of different vessels. The two are used together to determine the stability of a ship.

Citations:

[1] Metacentric height - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metacentric_height

[2] Metacentric Radius - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/metacentric-radius

[3] Naval architecture - Metacentric Stability, Buoyancy, Stability - Britannica https://www.britannica.com/technology/naval-architecture/Metacentric-stability

[4] Metacentric Height | Boat Design Net https://www.boatdesign.net/threads/metacentric-height.5696/

[5] How do you calculate the metacentric height of a ship with a complex hull shape? - LinkedIn https://www.linkedin.com/advice/1/how-do-you-calculate-metacentric-height-ship

[6] LESSON TOPIC: 4 https://man.fas.org/dod-101/navy/docs/swos/dca/stg4-01.html

By Perplexity at https://www.perplexity.ai/search/aa59d45a-c780-4061-8a64-6de16097313c?s=m

What is the difference between metacentric height and metacentric radius

What is the difference between metacentric height and metacentric radius

The metacentric height and the metacentric radius are two related but distinct concepts used in naval architecture to describe the stability of a floating body, such as a ship. Here are the differences between the two:

Metacentric height:

- The metacentric height (GM) is a measurement of the initial static stability of a floating body.

- It is calculated as the distance between the center of gravity (G) of a ship and its metacenter (M).

- A larger metacentric height implies greater initial stability against overturning.

- The metacentric height also influences the natural period of rolling of a hull, with very large metacentric heights being associated with shorter periods of roll which are uncomfortable for passengers.

- The metacentric height is an approximation for the vessel stability at a small angle (0-15 degrees) of heel.

Metacentric radius:

- The metacentric radius (BM) is the vertical distance between the center of buoyancy and the metacenter of a ship.

- It can be calculated from the formula BM = I/V, where I is the moment of inertia of the waterplane area of the ship around the axis of rotation under consideration, and V is the volume of the underwater part of the ship.

- The metacentric radius can be used to compare the stability of different vessels.

- The metacentric radius is the radius of the circle for the movements of the center of buoyancy at small angles of heel.

In summary, the metacentric height and the metacentric radius are both important parameters for a ship's stability, but they are calculated differently and have different applications. The metacentric height is a measure of initial stability, while the metacentric radius is used to compare the stability of different vessels.

Citations:

[1] Metacentric Radius - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/metacentric-radius

[2] Naval architecture - Metacentric Stability, Buoyancy, Stability - Britannica https://www.britannica.com/technology/naval-architecture/Metacentric-stability

[3] How do you calculate the metacentric height of a ship with a complex hull shape? - LinkedIn https://www.linkedin.com/advice/1/how-do-you-calculate-metacentric-height-ship

[4] Metacentric height - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metacentric_height

[5] Ship Stability - Introduction to Hydrostatics and Stability of Surface Ships - Marine Insight https://www.marineinsight.com/naval-architecture/ship-stability-introduction-hydrostatics-stability-surface-ships/

[6] LESSON TOPIC: 4 https://man.fas.org/dod-101/navy/docs/swos/dca/stg4-01.html

By Perplexity at https://www.perplexity.ai/search/e3b404d9-c808-4a04-b60d-7ea19ee01400?s=m

What is the formula for calculating the metacentric height

What is the formula for calculating the metacentric height

The metacentric height (GM) is calculated as the distance between the center of gravity (G) and the metacenter (M) of a ship[1][4]. The formula for calculating the metacentric height is GM = KM - KG, where KM is the height of the metacenter above the keel and KG is the height of the center of gravity above the keel[4]. The metacentric height can also be calculated by dividing the metacentric radius by the roll or pitch angle[2]. The metacentric radius is the distance between the center of buoyancy and the metacenter[2]. The metacentric height is an approximation for the vessel stability at a small angle (0-15 degrees) of heel[1]. The height of the intersection above the base (YZ), when measured on the GZ scale, will give the initial metacentric height[6]. The formula for calculating the metacentric radius is BM = I / V, where I is the moment of inertia of the waterplane area of the ship around the axis of rotation under consideration, and V is the volume of the underwater part of the ship[5].

Citations:

[1] Metacentric height - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metacentric_height

[2] How do you calculate the metacentric height of a ship with a complex hull shape? - LinkedIn https://www.linkedin.com/advice/1/how-do-you-calculate-metacentric-height-ship

[3] Determination of Metacentric Height of a Floating Body - The Constructor https://theconstructor.org/practical-guide/metacentric-height-floating-body/30000/?amp=1

[4] LESSON TOPIC: 4 https://man.fas.org/dod-101/navy/docs/swos/dca/stg4-01.html

[5] Formula of metacentric height - Physics Forums https://www.physicsforums.com/threads/formula-of-metacentric-height.860585/

[6] Initial Metacentric Height - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/initial-metacentric-height

By Perplexity at https://www.perplexity.ai/search/42cd622a-5dfe-4aa4-8c25-bfe03c2bb0bc?s=m

How is the metacentric height calculated

How is the metacentric height calculated

The metacentric height (GM) is calculated as the distance between the center of gravity (G) and the metacenter (M) of a ship[1][4]. The metacentric height is an approximation for the vessel stability at a small angle (0-15 degrees) of heel[1]. Here are some ways to calculate the metacentric height:

- The metacentric height can be calculated by subtracting the height of the center of gravity (KG) from the height of the metacenter (KM), which can be found using the draft diagram and functions of form curves in the DC Book[4].

- The laboratory procedure to find out the metacentric height of a floating body on water involves adding weight to the body and measuring the height of the water level before and after the weight is added[3].

- The formula for calculating the metacentric height is GM = KM - KG[4].

- The metacentric radius can be used to compare the stability of different vessels[2].

- The height of the intersection above the base (YZ), when measured on the GZ scale, will give the initial metacentric height[5].

In summary, the metacentric height is a crucial parameter for a ship's stability, and it is calculated as the distance between the center of gravity and the metacenter. The metacentric height can be calculated using various methods, including subtracting the height of the center of gravity from the height of the metacenter or by measuring the height of the water level before and after adding weight to the body.

Citations:

[1] Metacentric height - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metacentric_height

[2] How do you calculate the metacentric height of a ship with a complex hull shape? - LinkedIn https://www.linkedin.com/advice/1/how-do-you-calculate-metacentric-height-ship

[3] Determination of Metacentric Height of a Floating Body - The Constructor https://theconstructor.org/practical-guide/metacentric-height-floating-body/30000/?amp=1

[4] LESSON TOPIC: 4 https://man.fas.org/dod-101/navy/docs/swos/dca/stg4-01.html

[5] Initial Metacentric Height - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/initial-metacentric-height

[6] Metacentric Height - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/metacentric-height

By Perplexity at https://www.perplexity.ai/search/5dba5ba1-616c-494d-bf62-5c82d481bda9?s=m

What is the metacentric height and how is it related to the angle of heel

What is the metacentric height and how is it related to the angle of heel

The metacentric height (GM) is a measurement of the initial static stability of a floating body, such as a ship. It is calculated as the distance between the center of gravity (G) and the metacenter (M), which is a fixed point determined by the geometry of the ship and the distribution of its buoyancy forces[2][3]. The metacentric height is an approximation for the vessel's stability at small angles (0-15 degrees) of heel[2].

The angle of heel of a ship is the angle between its upright position and the position it takes when inclined due to external forces. The metacentric height is directly related to the ship's stability and the angle of heel. A higher metacentric height generally indicates greater stability, while a lower metacentric height can lead to reduced stability or even instability[2].

The relationship between the metacentric height and the angle of heel can be seen in the curve of static stability, which is a plot of the righting lever (GZ) against the angle of heel. The righting lever is the moment created by the horizontal distance between the forces of gravity and buoyancy. The metacentric height multiplied by the sine of the angle of heel gives the value of the righting lever, highlighting the importance of the metacentric height to stability[6].

In summary, the metacentric height is a crucial parameter for a ship's stability, and it is related to the angle of heel through the righting lever. A higher metacentric height generally leads to greater stability, while a lower metacentric height can result in reduced stability or even instability.

Citations:

[1] Is the metacentric height independent of heel angle? - Engineering Stack Exchange https://engineering.stackexchange.com/questions/26380/is-the-metacentric-height-independent-of-heel-angle

[2] Metacentric height - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metacentric_height

[3] Metacentric Height | Boat Design Net https://www.boatdesign.net/threads/metacentric-height.27171/

[4] Initial Metacentric Height - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/initial-metacentric-height

[5] Metacentric Height - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/metacentric-height

[6] Ship Stability - Understanding Curves of Static Stability - Marine Insight https://www.marineinsight.com/naval-architecture/ship-stability-understanding-curves-static-stability/

By Perplexity at https://www.perplexity.ai/search/0ba0fe34-5f32-49a9-9229-54eb4a83dba6?s=m

How is the angle of heel related to the ship's center of gravity

How is the angle of heel related to the ship's center of gravity

The angle of heel of a ship is related to the ship's center of gravity in the following ways:

- When a ship is inclined through all angles of heel, the center of buoyancy shifts off-centerline while the center of gravity remains in the same location[4].

- The distance between the forces of buoyancy and gravity is known as the ship's righting arm, which is a perpendicular line drawn from the center of gravity to the point of intersection on the force of buoyancy line[4].

- For small angles of heel (0° through 7° to 10°), the value for the ship's righting arm (GZ) may be found by using trigonometry[4].

- The dynamic stability of a ship may be determined by measuring the area under the righting lever curve (GZ curve) up to a certain angle of heel[5].

- The larger the area under the GZ curve, the greater the ship's stability[5].

- The equilibrium trim angle is reached when the final center of gravity (G1) lies in line with the final center of buoyancy (B1)[3].

- Movement of any weight athwartship (in a transverse direction) will alter the position of the center of gravity of the ship (from G to G1), creating a heeling moment[3].

In summary, the angle of heel of a ship is related to the ship's center of gravity through the righting arm, which is the distance between the forces of buoyancy and gravity. The dynamic stability of a ship is also related to the area under the GZ curve, which is affected by the position of the center of gravity.

Citations:

[1] Metacentric height - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metacentric_height

[2] Ship Stability - Understanding Curves of Static Stability - Marine Insight https://www.marineinsight.com/naval-architecture/ship-stability-understanding-curves-static-stability/

[3] Understanding Intact Stability of Ships - Marine Insight https://www.marineinsight.com/naval-architecture/intact-stability-of-surface-ships/

[4] LESSON TOPIC: 4 https://man.fas.org/dod-101/navy/docs/swos/dca/stg4-01.html

[5] [PDF] The vessel's centre of gravity (G) has a distinct effect on the righting lever (GZ) and consequently the ability of a vessel t - Fao.org https://www.fao.org/3/i0625e/i0625e02d.pdf

[6] [PDF] Chapter 2 - Review of Intact Statical Stability https://www.usna.edu/NAOE/_files/documents/Courses/EN455/AY20_Notes/EN455CourseNotesAY20_Chapter2.pdf

By Perplexity at https://www.perplexity.ai/search/db18805f-53fe-4afb-9912-36f328519bbe?s=m